Everything you need to know about endovaginal ultrasound exams for pelvic health and pregnancy.

What is a Transvaginal Ultrasound?

Transvaginal ultrasound (also called endovaginal ultrasound) uses high-frequency sound waves to create detailed images of a woman’s reproductive organs, including the:

• Uterus
• Ovaries
• Cervix
• Fallopian tubes
• Vagina

Unlike abdominal ultrasounds (where the wand glides over the skin), a transvaginal ultrasound involves inserting a slim, lubricated transducer probe 2–3 inches into the vaginal canal. This internal approach provides clearer images of pelvic structures.

When Is a Transvaginal Ultrasound Needed?

Doctors recommend this procedure to:

• 🔍 Investigate pelvic pain or abnormal bleeding
• 🌡️ Diagnose causes of infertility
• 🤰 Monitor early pregnancy (check fetal heartbeat, detect ectopic pregnancy, or investigate miscarriage)
• 🩺 Locate IUDs or screen for conditions like ovarian cysts, uterine fibroids, or pelvic infections
• 👁️ Examine cervical changes (e.g., risk of preterm labor)

How to Prepare: 3 Simple Steps

1. Bladder prep: Drink 32 oz of water 1 hour pre-exam if a full bladder is needed (your doctor will advise).
2. Avoid tampons: Remove tampons if menstruating.
3. Clothing: Wear easy-to-remove lower garments; you’ll change into a gown.

What Happens During the Procedure?

1. You’ll lie on an exam table (feet in stirrups, knees bent).
2. A lubricated, condom-covered probe is gently inserted into the vagina.
3. The probe emits sound waves, projecting real-time images onto a screen.
4. The technician may rotate the probe for better views (takes 15–30 mins).

💡 Note: Discomfort is usually mild (similar to a Pap smear). Inform your provider about latex allergies for a non-latex cover.

Saline-Infused Sonography (SIS)

For enhanced uterine imaging, sterile saline may be injected to expand the uterus. Not used during pregnancy or active infection.

Safety & Risks

• Zero radiation exposure (sound-wave technology).
• Safe for pregnancy (no proven harm to mother or baby).
• Minor pressure/discomfort during insertion.
• Severe pain is rare—alert your provider immediately if experienced.

What Conditions Can It Detect?

After the Procedure

• Results: Often shared same-day if your doctor performs the scan. If a radiologist reviews images, expect results in 24–48 hours.
• Follow-up: If images are unclear, a transabdominal ultrasound may be recommended.